"Dongosolo ndi mbale ya mpunga, gulu lopita kunyanja ndilopanga zatsopano m'mbiri ya malonda akunja"

2022 yatsala pang'ono "kutseka", ndi "pepala la mayankho apachaka" liti lidzaperekedwa ndi malonda akunja aku China?

Kumbali imodzi, mtengo wamtengo wapatali wa zogulitsa kunja ndi zogulitsa kunja kwa miyezi yoyamba ya 11 ya kukula kosalekeza panthawi imodzimodziyo, malonda akunja kwa mwezi ndi mwezi wa kukula kwa mwezi wa July mwezi ndi mwezi ukuchepa; Kumbali ina, kuti atenge maulamuliro ochulukirapo, kuyambira kumadera azachuma akum'mphepete mwa nyanja mpaka kumadera apakati ndi kumadzulo, maboma ambiri apanga mabizinesi amalonda akunja kuti awuluke kunja kukapanga misika.

China Center kwa International Economic Kusinthitsa Wachiwiri kwa Purezidenti, wakale Wachiwiri kwa Nduna ya Zamalonda Wei Jianguo anati mu kuyankhulana yekha ndi surging mtolankhani nkhani, akuyembekezeka mu chaka chino, China lonse malonda kuitanitsa ndi katundu adzakhalabe wathanzi ndi chitukuko chokhazikika, zogulitsa kunja akadali kukwaniritsa awiri manambala kukula.

Komabe, Wei Jianguo ananena kuti kuchepa kwa mlingo wa kukula kwa mwezi umodzi akadali mkati khola osiyanasiyana, ndipo kuchepa ndi "kanthawi, zomveka", "zosafunikira mantha, sanganene kuti kuchepa kwa mlingo wa kukula kwa mwezi umodzi kutsimikizira kuti tsogolo la malonda akunja ndi lodetsa nkhawa, malonda akunja lonse akadali pa thanzi ndi khola" osiyanasiyana ntchito.

Pazochitika zamalonda za chaka chamawa, Wei adati zomwe zikuchitika chaka chamawa ndizovuta, mabizinesi akunja akunja akuyenera kuthana ndi zovuta zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha mliri wapakhomo, nthawi yochedwa kuti abwerere, chomwe ndichofunikira. Anagogomezeranso kuti pambuyo pa mliriwu, makampani opanga zinthu padziko lonse lapansi, likulu, luso lamakono ndi luso lidzafulumizitsa kusamutsidwa ku China, tiyenera kukhala okonzeka, madera okonzeka kwambiri, mwayi wochuluka wogwiritsa ntchito.

Zikafika pa zomwe magulu ambiri am'deralo achita kuti alande malamulo, Wei adafotokoza kuti ndi "zatsopano m'mbiri yamalonda akunja", nthawi yomweyo, ndikukhazikitsa msonkhano wa Disembala 6 Central Political Bureau womwe unati "makada angayerekeze kuchita, kulimba mtima kwanuko, mabizinesi angayerekeze kuchita, misa angayerekeze kuchita upainiya". Kuwonjezera pamenepo, a Wei ananena kuti malo ochuluka ayenera kuchitapo kanthu mwachangu, “monga kumpoto chakum’maŵa, tsopano ayenera kunenedwa kuti akutenga mbali ya ‘gulu’ nthaŵi yabwino koposa.”

"Kutsika kwachiwopsezo ndi kwakanthawi, kugulitsa kwapachaka ndi kutumiza kunja kudzakhalabe chitukuko chabwino komanso chokhazikika"

Surfing News: Deta yotulutsidwa ndi General Administration of Customs ikuwonetsa kuti m'mwezi wa Novembala, mtengo wonse wazinthu zaku China ndi zotumiza kunja za 3.7 thililiyoni wa yuan, kuwonjezeka kwa 0,1% pachaka, kuchuluka kwa mwezi umodzi kukucheperachepera, momwe mungawone kusinthaku?

Wei Jianguo: Chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa malonda akunja kukula mu mwezi umodzi, mmodzi ndi Mipikisano mfundo kugawa mliri m'banja ndi ena m'dera miliri kupewa ndi zigawo kulamulira, chifukwa m'madera ena a kutsekereza katundu, chachiwiri ndi Federal Reserve chiwongola dzanja kukwera zinachititsa kuti inflation mkulu m'mayiko ena, ogula mphamvu zogulira zinakhudzidwa pamlingo womwewo, kutsika kwa ogula akunja, kutsika kwa ogula. zosungira katundu, zomwe zimakhudzanso malamulo wotsatira kasitomala, lachitatu ndi Russian-Chiyukireniya mkangano, pambuyo Energy mitengo ananyamuka, mtengo wa katundu ananyamuka, ndi mafakitale ena ku Ulaya kutsekedwa, kotero kuti kuyambira pamenepo, pakhala kuchepetsa kufunika kwa zinthu zopindulitsa ndi zamoyo zogula ku China.

Komabe, kuchepa kwa malonda akunja kwa mwezi umodzi akadali mkati mwamtundu wokhazikika, kuchepa kwake ndi kwakanthawi komanso komveka, kuchokera pamalingaliro onse, malonda akunja akadali mumayendedwe athanzi komanso okhazikika, sanganene kuti kuchepa kwa kukula kwa mwezi umodzi kutsimikizira kuti tsogolo la malonda akunja ndi losawoneka bwino.

Nkhani zapasewero: miyezi 11 yoyambirira ya chaka chino, malonda akunja aku China ali ndi zomwe zikuyenera kuyang'aniridwa?

Wei Jianguo: M'miyezi 11 yoyambirira, mtengo wamtengo wapatali wa China ndi 38.34 thililiyoni wa yuan, kuwonjezeka kwa 8.6% panthawi yomweyi chaka chatha, chomwe, kutumiza kunja kwa 21.84 yuan thililiyoni, kuwonjezeka kwa 11.9%, kutuluka kunja kwa 16.5 trilioni yuan, kuwonjezeka kwa digito kapena 4.6-%

Popeza ntchito zamalonda zakunja za chaka chino zili ndi zizindikiro zingapo zofunika kuziganizira. Choyamba, katundu wamba wamba ndi zotumiza kunja ndi nkhani zoposa 60% ya mtengo okwana malonda akunja, kufika 63,8%, kuwonjezeka kwa 2.2 peresenti mfundo pa nthawi yomweyo chaka chatha, ntchito yabwino ya malonda ambiri zikusonyeza kuti mkombero zoweta China monga waukulu, zoweta ndi mayiko pawiri mkombero wa kukwezeleza mgwirizano wa dongosolo latsopano chitukuko ikuchitika.

Chachiwiri, malonda ogulitsa ayamba kukula. Pa mliri, processing malonda wakhala ulesi, kapena kukula zoipa, pamene miyezi yoyamba 11 processing kuitanitsa malonda ndi katundu 7.74 thililiyoni yuan, kuwonjezeka kwa 1.3%, kuwonjezeka pang'ono pa tanthauzo lalikulu la processing kukula malonda ndi kuseri kwa malo bizinesi ku China wakhala bwino, chiwerengero chachikulu cha ndalama zakunja kuti aganyali malonda, kupanga pa zambiri.

Chachitatu, China ophatikizana kuitanitsa ndi katundu kukula mlingo wa mayiko pamodzi "Lamba ndi Road" ndi apamwamba kuposa mlingo wonse kukula kwa malonda akunja dziko, ndi kuchulukirachulukira ubale malonda akunja, woyamba miyezi 11, China ophatikizana kuitanitsa ndi kutumiza kunja kwa mayiko pamodzi "Lamba ndi Road" 12.54 thililiyoni yuan, kuwonjezeka kwa 20.4%, kukula kwa chiwerengero cha chaka ndi 8 chiwerengero cha chaka ndi 1. malonda, ndipo, ndikukhulupirira kuti chiwonjezeko cha kukula chidzapitirira kuwonjezeka.

Chachinayi, zinthu zamakina ndi zamagetsi ndi zinthu zogwirira ntchito kwambiri kuti tikwaniritse kukula kwapawiri, tinali ndi nkhawa kuti, chifukwa cha kukwera kwamitengo yamafuta, kukwera kwamitengo yantchito, kuphatikizira Vietnam yozungulira, Malaysia sidzachotsa gawo la msika ndi zifukwa zina, katundu wovutitsa kwambiri adzachepa, koma kuchokera ku data yapitayi ya Novembala, kutumizidwa kunja kwazinthu zogwiritsa ntchito kwambiri zidakwana 9.9% ndi 3,9% yazinthu zamagetsi zamagetsi, 9. Kutumiza kwa katundu wochuluka pantchito Kumbuyo kwa kukula kwawiri, zikusonyeza kuti tikupitiriza kulimbikitsa kusintha ndi kukweza mabizinesi amalonda akunja, komanso kusintha kwa kapangidwe kazinthu zamabizinesi akunja.

Kuphatikiza apo, miyezi yoyamba ya 11, ASEAN akadali mnzathu wamkulu wamalonda, pano chifukwa cha kukhazikitsidwa kwa RCEP, ndipo RCEP yotsatira idzapitirizabe kugwira ntchito.

Kotero, kuchokera ku zochitika zonse za chaka chonse, ndikuganiza kuti kuitanitsa ndi kutumiza kunja kudzakhalabe ndi thanzi labwino komanso chitukuko chokhazikika, zogulitsa kunja zidzakulabe kawiri kawiri, zogulitsa kunja zidzakulanso posachedwa.

"Mabizinesi akunja amalamula ndi mbale ya mpunga, gulu lopita kunyanja ndilopanga zatsopano m'mbiri ya malonda akunja"
Nkhani Zapa Surfing: Pakadali pano, maboma angapo akukonza mabizinesi kuti alande maoda, mukuwona bwanji izi?

Wei Jianguo: kwa mabizinesi akunja, dongosolo ndi mbale ya mpunga, palibe malamulo omwe sangapulumuke. Boma linakonza mabizinesi amalonda akunja kuti apite kunyanja, tinganene kuti ndi zatsopano m'mbiri ya malonda akunja. Ndinaona kuti luso limeneli si m'mphepete mwa nyanja Guangdong, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Fujian, etc., m'chigawo chapakati ndi kumadzulo, kuphatikizapo Hunan, Sichuan, etc. Komanso anayamba, chomwe ndi chinthu chabwino.

Kuphatikiza pazatsopano, nyanja kuti atenge maulamuliro ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti akwaniritse msonkhano wa Disembala 6 wa Central Political Bureau "makada angayerekeze kuchita, kulimba mtima kwanuko, mabizinesi angayerekeze kuchita, unyinji angayerekeze kuchita upainiya".

Gulu kuti akathyole malamulo kunja, choyamba, zikusonyeza kuti pambuyo 20 National Congress, mabizinezi zamalonda zakunja ndi maonekedwe atsopano, angayerekeze kuthyola kuti apambane dziko; chachiwiri, malamulo ndi mabizinezi malonda akunja, koma kutsatiridwa ndi unyolo kupanga, ntchito ndi yathunthu ya msika wapakhomo, kotero akathyole malamulo ndi akathyole msika; chachitatu, mabizinezi malonda akunja kusonyeza kunja, pali ambiri mabizinezi vuto, boma ankaimba "Dzanja Wina" udindo, mukhoza kuona kuti boma mofulumira, ntchito m'malo kuthandiza mabizinezi kuthetsa mavuto, kuphatikizapo hayala ndege, kupewa mliri ndipo ngakhale likulu.

Kuyambira pano mpaka mwezi wa April, May, dziko lidzachitikira ziwonetsero mazana asanu kapena asanu ndi limodzi zosiyanasiyana, tiyenera kuchita nawo, osati Guangdong, Hong Kong ndi Macao, ndi Yangtze Mtsinje Delta dera kutenga nawo mbali, chapakati ndi kumadzulo zigawo, kumpoto chakum'mawa ayeneranso kuchita nawo mwakhama, tsopano ndi nthawi yabwino kuchita nawo gawo la "gulu".

Mliri wazaka zitatu si malonda akunja okha, chuma chathu chonse ndi kusinthanitsa kwapadziko lonse lapansi, kulumikizana, kukwera sikokwanira, mayendedwe apadziko lonse lapansi m'zaka zitatu zapitazi adapitilira kusintha, ndipo kusinthaku kulibe mabizinesi aku China, tsopano nthawi ino kupanga mtunda, mwachangu kulowa muunyolo wapadziko lonse lapansi, unyolo wamafakitale, tiyenera kuchita ntchito yabwino ya "kusinthanitsa, kuyitanitsa, kuyitanitsa, kupita kunja, kukopa, kukopa, kuthamangira kunja, kuthamangira kumayiko ena." ndalama zambiri ku China.

“Chaka chamawa, malonda akunja afika poipa, komanso nthawi yamphamvu”

Surfing News: Zolosera zanyengo yamalonda yakunja kwa chaka chamawa ndi chiyani?

Wei Jianguo: zinthu ziwiri, zinthu chaka chamawa n'zomvetsa chisoni, mabizinezi zoweta zachilendo malonda akadali kuthana ndi zotsatira chifukwa cha mliri zoweta, nthawi anachedwa kuti akathyole mmbuyo, amene ndi chinsinsi, mbali mayiko, ena potsutsa-globalization, kuphatikizapo chitetezo malonda, unilateralism, etc., zidzakhudza kwambiri malonda akunja China, ndi vuto lathu lalikulu.

Kuyambira kumapeto kwa chaka chino mabizinesi akunja akunja kuti awone momwe zinthu ziliri, chaka chamawa ndi nthawi yamphamvu kwambiri. Kuti mutsegule kudziko lakunja pamlingo wapamwamba, mabizinesi amalonda akunja kuti apititse patsogolo mzimu wakuyerekeza kuchita kunyengerera, ndikuyesetsa mpaka chaka chamawa, kufunika kwakunja sikokwanira, ndipo ngakhale kufunikira kwakunja kwa nthawi kumakhala kovuta kwambiri, malonda akunja akuyenda pamavuto, kusunga zomwe zikuchitika, kapena kuposa momwe ziliri chaka chino, kukula kwamitundu iwiri muzamalonda akunja kudzakhala kwanthawi yayitali.

Surf News: Kodi zazikulu zamalonda zakunja za chaka chamawa zomwe zili zoyenera kuziganizira ndi ziti?

Wei Jianguo: Chofunikira kwambiri ndikusintha kwamakono kwachi China komwe tikufuna kukhazikitsa. Kusintha kwamakono ku China kumatsindika kutseguka kwakukulu kwa dziko lakunja. Chaka chamawa, padzakhala mndandanda wa ndondomeko ndi miyeso kulimbikitsa mkulu mlingo wa kutseguka kwa dziko lakunja, kulimbikitsa China malonda chilengedwe, luntha chitetezo chitetezo, makamaka pa kukhazikitsidwa kwa dongosolo msika zochokera malamulo, malonda ndi internationalization, kutenga sitepe yaikulu patsogolo, ndipo msika waukulu wa China adzakopa ndalama zosawerengeka ngati sucker. Pambuyo pa mliriwu, kupanga padziko lonse lapansi, likulu, ukadaulo ndi matalente zimathandizira kusamutsidwa ku China, tiyenera kukhala okonzeka, zigawo zokonzeka kwambiri, mipata yambiri yolanda.

Surfing News: Kodi kukhazikika kwa malonda akunja kungathandize bwanji kukhazikika kwakukula? Chaka chamawa, khola malonda akunja ayenera kuchokera mbali zimene kuyesetsa?

Wei Jianguo: Mu kumwa sikunapitirire, zotsatira za ndalama sizinawonekere, malonda akunja adzapitiriza kugwira ntchito yaikulu. Khazikitsani malonda akunja, chinthu chachikulu ndikukhazikitsa mitu ya msika, kukhazikika kwa mfundo zamalonda zakunja. Choyamba, kukhazikitsidwa kwa ndondomeko zamalonda zamalonda zakunja kuyambira chaka chino, kuphatikizapo inshuwalansi, ngongole, miyambo, kuphatikizapo ndondomeko zotsatiridwa zamalonda amalonda a malire, kuti amvetse bungwe ndi kukhazikitsa; chachiwiri, kukhazikitsa lalikulu, lotseguka zambiri maukonde gulu, kufunika padziko lonse zinthu zimene, malo ali chionetsero, amene malo amafuna zimene makasitomala, malangizo chiyani pa katundu wathu, amene misika ayenera kufufuzidwa, malonda akunja kumvetsa posachedwapa Chachitatu, kukhazikitsidwa kwa "flagship" monga chachikulu, ena "frigate" kukonza "zombo" chitsanzo, ndiko kuti, kutsogolera mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono kumtunda, ndi mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono. ya njira "yoyimitsa" yotukula misika yatsopano.

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