2022 yave kuda "kuvhara", rudzii rwe "yepagore mhinduro pepa" richaunzwa nekutengeserana kweChina kunze kwenyika?
Kune rumwe rutivi, kukosha kwese kwekutengesa uye kutengesa kunze kwenyika mumwedzi yekutanga ye11 yekukura kwakasimba panguva imwe chete, kutengesa kune dzimwe nyika mwedzi-on-mwedzi kukura kwekukura kubva munaJuly mwedzi nemwedzi kuderera; Nekune rimwe divi, kuti vatore mamwe maodha, kubva kumatunhu ehupfumi emahombekombe ekumabvazuva kusvika kumatunhu epakati nekumadokero, hurumende zhinji dzakaronga makambani ekutengeserana kunze kwenyika kuti abhururuke kuenda kunze kwenyika kunovandudza misika.
China Center for International Economic Exchanges Mutevedzeri weMutungamiri, aimbova Mutevedzeri weGurukota reCommerce Wei Jianguo akati mubvunzurudzo yakasarudzika nemutori wenhau ari kuwedzera, inotarisirwa mukati megore rino, kutengwa kweChina kwese kwekutengesa uye kunze kwenyika kucharamba kuine hutano uye kwakagadzikana budiriro, kunze kwenyika kucharamba kuchiwana kaviri-manhamba kukura.
Zvisinei, Wei Jianguo akaratidza kuti kuderera kwekukura kwemwedzi mumwe chete kuchiri mukati mehutano hwakagadzikana, uye kuderera "kwenguva pfupi, kunonzwisisika", "kutya kusingakoshi, hazvigoni kutaura kuti kuderera kwekukura kwemwedzi mumwe chete kuratidza kuti ramangwana rekutengeserana kune dzimwe nyika harina kujeka, kutengeserana kwekunze kune imwe nyika yose ichiri muhutano uye yakagadzikana" mararamiro ekushanda.
Pamamiriro ekutengeserana egore rinouya, Wei akati mamiriro ezvinhu gore rinouya akashata, mabhizinesi ekutengeserana ekunze achiri kufanira kukunda kukanganisa kwakakonzerwa nedenda repamba, nguva yekunonoka kubata, inova yakakosha. Akasimbisawo kuti mushure medenda, indasitiri yekugadzira yepasirese, capital, tekinoroji uye tarenda ichakurumidza kuendesa kuChina, isu tinofanirwa kunge takagadzirira, matunhu akagadzirira, mikana yakawanda yekubata.
Kana zvasvika kune chiitiko chazvino chemapoka emunharaunda kutora mirairo, Wei akaitsanangura se "utsva munhoroondo yekutengeserana kwekunze", panguva imwe chete, iko kuitiswa kwemusangano waDecember 6 Central Political Bureau wakurudzira "makadhi anotsunga kuita, kushinga kwemuno kupaza, mabhizinesi anoshinga kuita, ruzhinji rwunoshinga kupayona". Pamusoro pezvo, Wei akataura kuti nzvimbo dzakawanda dzinofanira kushingaira kubuda uye kutanga, “zvakadai sekuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva, zvino zvinofanira kunzi zviri kuita ‘boka’ nguva yakanakisisa.”
"Kukura kwekukura kuderera ndekwenguva pfupi, kutengeserana kwepagore uye kutengesa kunze kwenyika kucharamba kuine hutano uye kwakagadzikana budiriro"
Surfing News: Iyo data yakabudiswa neGeneral Administration of Customs inoratidza kuti mumwedzi waNovember, kukosha kwese kwekutengesa kweChina uye kunze kwenyika kwe3.7 trillion yuan, kuwedzera kwe0.1% gore negore, kuwedzera kwekuwedzera kwemwedzi mumwe chete kunoramba kuchiderera, maitiro ekuona shanduko iyi?
Wei Jianguo: Chikonzero chekuderera kwekukura kwekutengeserana kwekunze mumwedzi mumwechete, imwe ndeyekugovera-mapoinzi kwedenda remumba uye kumwe kudzivirira kwedenda uye kudzora matunhu, zvichikonzera kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzekuvharira kunze kwenyika, chechipiri ndeyeFederal Reserve mubereko wemari inokonzeresa kukwira kwemitengo mune mamwe hupfumi, simba rekutenga revatengi rakakanganiswa kusvika padanho rakafanana, kuderera kwevatengi vekunze. hoarded inventory, iyo inokanganisa mirairo inotevera yemutengi, yechitatu ndiyo mhirizhonga yeRussia-Ukrainian, mushure mokunge mitengo yeMagetsi yakwira, mutengo wekutakura wakakwira, uye mamwe mafekitari muEurope akavhara, kuitira kuti kubva ipapo, kwave nekuderera kwekudiwa kwezvinhu zvinogadzira uye zvinorarama zvevatengi muChina.
Zvisinei, kuderera kwekutengeserana kune dzimwe nyika mumwedzi mumwe chete kuchiri mukati mehutano hwakagadzikana, kuderera ndekwenguva pfupi uye kunonzwisisika, kubva pakuona kwese, kutengeserana kune dzimwe nyika kuchiri muhutano hwakanaka uye hwakasimba hwekushanda, haigoni kutaura kuti kuderera kwekukura kwekukura mumwedzi mumwe chete kuratidza kuti ramangwana rekutengeserana kune dzimwe nyika harina kujeka.
Nhau dzekufambisa: mwedzi gumi neimwe yekutanga yegore rino, kutengeserana kweChina kune dzimwe nyika kune izvo zvakakodzera kutariswa kuita?
Wei Jianguo: Mumwedzi gumi neimwe yekutanga, kukosha kweChina kunotora uye kutengesa kunze kwenyika kwe38.34 trillion yuan, kuwedzera kwe8.6% panguva imwe chete gore rapfuura, iyo, kunze kwenyika kwe21.84 trillion yuan, kuwedzera kwe11,9%, kunze kwenyika kwe16.5 trillion yuan, kuwedzera kwe4.
Sezvo gore rino kutengeserana kwekunze kuita kune akati wandei akakosha masaini akakodzera kutariswa. Chekutanga, kutengeserana kwekunze nekutengesa kunze kwenyika kwakaverengera kupfuura 60% yehuwandu hunokosha hwekutengeserana kune dzimwe nyika, kusvika 63,8%, kuwedzera kwe2,2 muzana panguva imwecheteyo gore rapfuura, kuita kwakanaka kwekutengeserana kweruzhinji kunoratidza kuti kutenderera kweChina seyekutenderera, yepamba uye yepasirese yakapetwa kaviri yekusimudzira pamwe kweiyo nzira itsva yekusimudzira iri kuitika.
Chechipiri, kutengeserana kwekugadzirisa kwakawana kumwe kukura. Munguva yedenda, kutengeserana kwekugadzira kwave kunonoka, kana kukura kwakashata, nepo mwedzi gumi neimwe yekutanga yekugadzirisa kutengeserana kupinza uye kutumira kunze kwenyika 7.74 trillion yuan, kuwedzera kwe1.3%, kuwedzera kudiki kwekukosha kukuru kwekugadzirisa kukura kwekutengeserana kuri kuseri kwenzvimbo yebhizinesi muChina yave nani, nhamba huru yevanoisa mari mubhizinesi, kugadzirwa kune zvimwe.
Chechitatu, kuwedzera kwekuwedzera kweChina nekutengesa kunze kwenyika pamwero we "Belt and Road" yakakwirira kudarika kukura kwekutengeserana kwenyika kune dzimwe nyika, uye hukama huri kuwedzera hwekutengeserana kune dzimwe nyika, mwedzi gumi neimwe yekutanga, kusanganiswa kweChina uye kutumira kunze kwenyika pamwe ne "Belt and Road" 12.54 trillion yuan, kuwedzera kwe20.4%, kukura kwegore negore kwe8. kutengeserana, uye, ndinotenda kuti kukura kwekukura kucharamba kuchiwedzera.
Chechina, zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi nemagetsi uye zvigadzirwa zvine simba rekushanda kuti zvikure zvakapetwa kaviri, tainetsekana kuti, nekuda kwekukwira kwemitengo yezvinhu, kukwira kwemitengo yevashandi, pamwe neVietnam yakatenderedza, Malaysia haizotore chikamu chemusika uye zvimwe zvikonzero, zvigadzirwa zvinonyanya kunetsa kunze kwenyika zvichadzikira, asi kubva kune yapfuura Mbudzi data, kutengeswa kunze kwenyika kwezvigadzirwa zvinonyanya kukosha, 9. Zvigadzirwa zvevashandi zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika Kuseri kwekukura kwakapetwa kaviri, zvinoratidza kuti tinoramba tichisimbisa shanduko uye kuvandudzwa kwemabhizinesi ekutengeserana kunze kwenyika, pamwe nekushandurwa kwechimiro chechigadzirwa chemabhizimisi ekunze.
Mukuwedzera, mwedzi yekutanga ye11, ASEAN ichiri shamwari yedu huru yekutengesa, pano nekuda kwekushandiswa kweRCEP, uye RCEP inotevera icharamba ichishanda.
Saka, kubva pakuona kwegore rose, ndinofunga kuti kutengeserana kwekutengesa uye kutengesa kunze kwenyika kucharamba kuine hutano uye kubudirira kwakadzikama, kutengesa kunze kwenyika kucharamba kuchiwedzera-madhijiti maviri, kutengeswa kwenyika kuchakurawo munguva pfupi.
"Foreign trade Enterprises orders ndiro ndiro yemupunga, boka rekuenda kugungwa ndiro idzva munhoroondo yekutengeserana nedzimwe nyika"
Nhau dzeSurfing: Parizvino, dzinoverengeka dzehurumende dzemuno dzinoronga mabhizinesi kuti atore maodha, unoiona sei kutenderera kwechiito ichi?
Wei Jianguo: kune mabhizinesi ekutengeserana ekunze, kurongeka ndiyo ndiro yemupunga, hapana mirairo haigone kurarama. Hurumende yakaronga makambani ekutengeserana kunze kwenyika kuti aende kugungwa, zvinogona kunzi ndiyo itsva munhoroondo yekutengeserana kwekunze. Ndakaona kuti iyi innovation haingori mumhenderekedzo yegungwa Guangdong, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Fujian, nezvimwewo, munzvimbo dzepakati nekumadokero, kusanganisira Hunan, Sichuan, nezvimwewo zvakatanga zvakare, icho chinhu chakanaka.
Pamusoro pekuvandudza, gungwa kutora maodha kunonyanya kukosha kuita musangano waZvita 6 weCentral Political Bureau "makadhi anoshinga kuita, ushingi hwemuno kupaza, mabhizinesi anoshinga kuita, veruzhinji vanoshinga kupayona" zvinodiwa.
Boka kubata mirairo kunze kwenyika, kutanga, inoratidza kuti mushure meNational Congress yechi20, mabhizinesi ekutengeserana ekunze ane chitarisiko chitsva, anoshinga kupaza kuti akunde nyika; chechipiri, maodha mabhizinesi ekutengeserana ekunze, asi achiteverwa neketani yekugadzira, basa uye yakazara seti yemusika wepamba, saka kubata maodha ndiko kubata musika; chechitatu, mabhizinesi ekunze ekutengeserana kuratidzira kunze kwenyika, kune mazhinji emabhizinesi dambudziko, hurumende yakaridza ”Rumwe ruoko” basa, unogona kuona kuti hurumende inokurumidza, masevhisi ari panzvimbo yekubatsira makambani kugadzirisa matambudziko, kusanganisira ndege dzakabhadharwa, kudzivirira denda uye kunyange capital.
Kubva zvino kusvika Kubvumbi anotevera, Chivabvu, nyika ichaitwa mazana mashanu kana mazana matanhatu ekuratidzira kwakasiyana, isu tinofanira kushingaira kutora chikamu, kwete chete muGuangdong, Hong Kong uye Macao, iyo Yangtze River Delta nharaunda kutora chikamu, nechepakati uye kumadokero kumatunhu, kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva kunofanirawo kushingaira kutora chikamu, ikozvino ndiyo nguva yakanakisisa yekuita basa re "boka".
Denda remakore matatu harisi kutengeserana kunze kwenyika chete, hupfumi hwedu hwese nekutsinhana kwepasirese, kutaurirana, kumira hakuna kukwana, cheni yepasi rose mumakore matatu apfuura yakaramba ichigadzirisa, uye kugadzirisa uku kuri mukushaikwa kwemamwe mabhizinesi eChinese, ikozvino nguva ino kugadzira chinhambwe, nekukurumidza kupinda muchikamu chitsva chepasi rose, cheni yemaindasitiri, isu tinofanirwa kuita basa rakanaka re "kuchinjana, kurongeka, kurongeka, kunoda kuenda kunze kwenyika, asi kunoda kuenda kunze kwenyika." kuwedzera mari muChina.
“Mamiriro ezvinhu ekutengeserana kunze kwenyika gore rinouya akaoma, asiwo nguva yakasimba”
Surfing News: chii chiri kufanotaura kwegore rinouya rekunze kutengeserana mamiriro?
Wei Jianguo: mamiriro maviri, mamiriro ezvinhu gore rinouya akashata, mabhizinesi ekutengeserana ekunze ekunze achiri kufanira kukunda kukanganisa kwakakonzerwa nedenda repamba, nguva yakanonoka yekudzoka, inova ndiyo kiyi, chikamu chepasi rose, kumwe kupokana kwepasi rose, kusanganisira kuchengetedzwa kwekutengeserana, unilateralism, nezvimwewo, zvichawedzera kukanganisa kutengeserana kweChina kune dzimwe nyika, ndikowo kuoma kwedu kukuru.
Kubva pakupera kwegore rino mabhizimisi ekunze anoona mamiriro akaita zvinhu, gore rinouya inguva yakaoma zvikuru. Kuti uenderere mberi kuvhurira kunze kwenyika pamwero wepamusoro, mabhizinesi ekutengeserana ekunze kuendesa mberi mweya wekushinga kuita chivindi chekupfuura, uye kuyedza kusvika gore rinouya, kudiwa kwekunze hakuna kukwana, uye kunyangwe kudiwa kwekunze kwenguva yakati kuoma, kutengeserana kwekunze kune mafungu pamusoro pematambudziko, kuchengetedza zvazvino, kana zvirinani kupfuura mamiriro egore rino, kukura-madhijitari maviri mukukura kwekutengesa kunze kwenyika, kwechinguva chidiki chekuyedza.
Surf News: Ndeapi makuru ekutengeserana kwekunze kwegore rinouya akakodzera kutariswa?
Wei Jianguo: Chikuru chinosimudzira iChinese-style yemazuva ano yatinoda kuita. China-style yemazuva ano inosimbisa yakakwira mwero wekuvhurika kune kunze kwenyika. Gore rinouya, pachava nenhevedzano yemitemo uye matanho ekukurudzira kuvhurika kwepamusoro kune nyika yekunze, kusimudzira bhizinesi reChina, kuchengetedzwa kwepfuma yeuchenjeri, kunyanya mukugadzwa kwehurongwa hwemusika hunobva pakuita pamutemo, kushambadzira uye kushambadzira kwenyika, kutora nhanho huru kumberi, uye musika mukuru weChina uchakwezva zvisingaverengeki mainvestimenti seanoyamwa. Mushure medenda, kugadzirwa kwepasirese, capital, tekinoroji uye matarenda zvichamhanyisa kuendeswa kuChina, isu tinofanirwa kunge takagadzirira, mapurovhinzi akagadzirira, mikana yakawanda yekubata.
Surfing News: Ndeipi basa richaita kudzikamisa kutengeserana kwekunze mukudzikamisa kukura? Gore rinouya, kutengeserana kune dzimwe nyika kwakagadzikana kunofanira kubva kune zvikamu zvipi zvekuita kuedza?
Wei Jianguo: Mukushandisa hakuna kuramba, mhedzisiro yekudyara haisati yaonekwa, kutengeserana kwekunze kucharamba kuchiita basa rakakura. Kudzikamisa kutengeserana kune dzimwe nyika, chinhu chikuru ndechekudzikamisa nyaya dzemusika, kudzikamisa mutemo wekutengeserana kune dzimwe nyika. Kutanga, kuitwa kweakatevedzana emitemo yekutengeserana yekunze kubva gore rino, inosanganisira inishuwarenzi, kiredhiti, tsika, kusanganisira mamwe maitiro akasarudzika ekuyambuka muganhu e-commerce, kubata sangano nekuita; chechipiri, kumisa yakakura, yakavhurika ruzivo network boka, kudiwa kwepasirese kuti zvinhu zvipi, iyo nzvimbo ine kuratidzwa, iyo nzvimbo inoda izvo vatengi, ndeapi zano pane zvigadzirwa zvedu, izvo misika zvichiri kuda kuongororwa, kutengeserana kune dzimwe nyika kubata nekukurumidza sezvinobvira. ye "one-stop" nzira yekugadzira misika mitsva.
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Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-15-2022